Machine learning

Domaine

Définition

L'apprentissage automatique (en anglais machine learning, littéralement « l'apprentissage machine ») ou apprentissage statistique.

Champ d'étude de l'intelligence artificielle, concerne la conception, l'analyse, le développement et l'implémentation de méthodes permettant à une machine (au sens large) d'évoluer par un processus systématique, et ainsi de remplir des tâches difficiles ou problématiques par des moyens algorithmiques plus classiques.

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Anglais

Machine learning

Machine learning is a field of computer science that gives computer systems the ability to "learn" (i.e. progressively improve performance on a specific task) with data, without being explicitly programmed.[1]

The name Machine learning was coined in 1959 by Arthur Samuel.[2] Evolved from the study of pattern recognition and computational learning theory in artificial intelligence,[3] machine learning explores the study and construction of algorithms that can learn from and make predictions on data[4] – such algorithms overcome following strictly static program instructions by making data-driven predictions or decisions,[5]:2 through building a model from sample inputs. Machine learning is employed in a range of computing tasks where designing and programming explicit algorithms with good performance is difficult or infeasible; example applications include email filtering, detection of network intruders or malicious insiders working towards a data breach,[6] optical character recognition (OCR),[7] learning to rank, and computer vision.